Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Friction Stir Welded Aluminum Alloys: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Prajjwal Roy, Krishnakant Rathore, Khilend Kashyap, Dr. Devesh Shrivastava
ABSTRACT
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining technique widely used for aluminum alloys due to its ability to produce defect-free joints with superior mechanical properties. This review critically examines recent advancements in the microstructural evolution and mechanical performance of friction stir welded aluminum alloys. The study highlights the influence of process parameters, tool design, and material characteristics on weld quality. The formation of distinct weld zones such as the stir zone, thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and heat-affected zone (HAZ) significantly affects grain refinement, hardness distribution, and tensile behavior. The review also identifies current challenges and future research directions for improving joint efficiency and industrial applications.
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