Abstract

Dr. Priyansh D. Patel1, Dr. Puttam Saikoushik1, Dr. Darsh Vaghani1, Dr. Akash Shah2

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes mellitus, a prevalent global metabolic disorder, significantly affects cardiovascular health. Subclinical left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction, commonly observed in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients, may precede overt cardiac complications. This study evaluates the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in normotensive T2DM patients and its association with duration of diabetes, glycemic control, and echocardiographic parameters. Aim: To evaluate diastolic dysfunction in normotensive subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Objectives : 1) To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. 2) To determine the relationship between the duration of diabetes and the severity of diastolic dysfunction. 3) To determine the relationship between glycemic control and the severity of diastolic dysfunction. Methodology: This was a cross sectional. observational study conducted at SBKS MI & RC, Vadodara. A total of 78 normotensive T2DM patients aged over 40 years were included based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Echocardiographic assessment was done to evaluate LV function. Statistical methods included chi-square and logistic regression. Participants were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Random sampling was applied to identify eligible subjects. Results: Among the 78 patients, 83.3% had asymptomatic diastolic dysfunction: 38.5% Grade I, 32.1% Grade II, and 12.8% Grade III. Significant correlations were found between longer diabetes duration (mean 8.4 years), higher HbA1c levels (mean 7.5%), and severity of dysfunction. Multivariate analysis identified duration of diabetes (OR=1.12), HbA1c (OR=1.25), and TVR velocity (OR=1.3) as significant predictors. Conclusion: Diastolic dysfunction is highly prevalent in normotensive T2DM patients. Poor glycemic control and longer duration of diabetes significantly influence severity. Early echocardiographic screening in diabetic patients may aid in preventing progression to symptomatic heart disease.