Abstract

Satish Mishra, Rajendra Patel, Gulab Sahu, Tarun Sonwani

ABSTRACT

The steel industry is a water-intensive sector that requires substantial amounts of water for various processes including cooling, cleaning, descaling, and scrubbing operations. With increasing environmental regulations and water scarcity concerns, the implementation of efficient water and wastewater treatment technologies has become crucial for sustainable steel production. This article examines the best available technologies for treating water and wastewater in steel industries, analyzing various treatment methods from primary to tertiary levels. The integrated approach combining conventional and advanced treatment technologies can achieve up to 90% water recovery, supporting the zero liquid discharge (ZLD) concept while ensuring compliance with environmental standards.