Abstract

Sandeep Kumar*, Dr. Birendra Prasad Gupta, Dr. Kapil Agarwal

ABSTRACT

The OECD and FAO (2012) anticipate the average annual growth rate of global milk production over the coming decade, 2012–21, at 2%. Consumption of dairy products is predicted to increase by approximately 30% by 2021. India and China account for approximately 40% of projected gains. Consumption of dairy and other livestock products provides significant nutritional benefits to many segments of the developing world's population. Rapid development in livestock production and consumption poses problems to human and animal health, the environment, and the economic viability of many impoverished smallholders. But it may also present chances for small and medium-scale dairy companies. In some parts of western India, dairy farming is intense, with farmers growing irrigated feed crops such as alfalfa. Eastern India, which includes eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal, is largely rural. While arable land is in short supply, biomass is available all year. The average dry matter intake of local cattle in the Indore zone was 8.24 kg/day/animal of which more than half was constituted by dry fodder. The second largest component of dry matter was concentrates accounting for around 1/4th of total DMI. The daily net cost of maintenance for local cattle was estimated rupees126/animal. It was higher in Ratlam ('rupees 128) as compared to Indore (rupees 111). The variable costs accounted for more than 3/4th of total maintenance cost. The average net cost of maintenance for buffalo was estimated rupees 135–140/animal/day. The operating cost in the zone was least (rupees 68.95/ animal/day) in case of local cow and highest for buffalo. Low or negative returns in the state for local cattle were also observed. MP (Madhya Pradesh) is 4th in production of the milk in the nation. MP has more female bovine population than many states like Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Bihar and Maharashtra. There is a perfect balance in demand and production of milk in MP.